Em dash character is not a part of ASCII character set. The commands extendash and extemdash are also used to produce en-dash (–), and em-dash (—), respectively. Here are the two simple steps to type the — using Alt code from your keyboard. These two types of dashes serve different purposes: The EN dash, the shorter of the two dashes, is used to mark ranges. To properly use the em dash, spaces should not be placed around it unless the text is being italicized. If you're including terminal punctuation (period, question mark, exclamation mark), your speaker's sentence isn't being interrupted, so you wouldn't use em dashes at all. The longer EM dash is used as a break or to separate additional information in a sentence. Commas allow for a smoother read than dashes, which interrupt the sentence to draw the reader’s attention. You can use it at the end of a broken-off phrase, or if a. This measurement is. Em Dash vs. Collingwood as Mr. The em-dash emphasizes the conclusion of the sentence, but with less formality than a colon. How to create en dashes and em dashes. It may be used in place of commas, a semicolon, a colon, or parentheses. An em dash or colon is part of the same toolkit, but they serve slightly different purposes. Minus Sign: −. A direct question is an interrogative sentence that asks an. Em Dash (—) An em dash is one of the three kinds of dashes that functions like a comma, a colon, or parentheses in introducing a clause. Hyphen A handy guide full of rules and examples so you can use the hyphen with confidence. In terms of punctuation marks like this, the em dash is the most extended dash, which can replace parentheses, colons, and commas. The other function is to punctuate compound modifiers that include an open compound or two or more hyphenated compounds. Another way to create them is to press and hold Alt and type 0151 on a Windows device or select Option, Shift, and the hyphen key ( ‐) on a Mac. An em dash (—) is used to mark an interruption, as mentioned above (“What the—”), or material set off parenthetically from the main point—like this. drutgat • 2 yr. g. Character encoding is a link between the visual representation of a character (like a registration mark or em-dash) and the bytes that store them in memory. In almost every instance, you should place the footnote marker after the punctuation. Mingo Evil Flamingo, Feb 21, 2010 #3. In Unicode, the em dash is U+2014 (decimal 8212). The word-processing program may form this automatically when two hyphens are typed together. En and em dashes are longer than the hyphen. There should be no space on either side of the dash, including when it is followed by a quotation mark. Then, after you press the space bar after the word after the dash, most word processing programs will turn those two little hyphens‐‐into an em dash—like so. Em Dashes The em dash is the longest line among these marks of punctuation (—). The raya (em-dash) usually indicates separation; for example, it signals interventions of. The main reason to use an em dash is to set off an explanation or an abrupt change in thought. But it is necessary first to make the difference between a hyphen, and an em dash vs en dash. I solved by this link. Please read pages 70–77 in your text. 7. — Este libro es mío. When the dash is used, the change in the thought or sentence structure should be evident and distinct. Although the en dash and em dash are the most commonly used types of dashes, there is another type of dash called the 3-em dash (the size of three em dashes). ex. Share. The em dash is also used for denoting an incomplete speech. Do not combine the dash with any mark of punctuation other than quotation marks, the question mark, the exclamation mark and occasionally the period. Examples:A Quick Guide to Punctuation. fiscal year 2020–21. Enclose the first part of the dialogue in quotation marks but omit the comma. Ah, the ol’ 疑問符 (ぎもんふ ) — gimonfu, a. Hyphens are not separated by spaces, while a dash has a space on either side. It could be written with a semicolon, a colon, or a period (or a. g. A. Depending on the context, the em dash can take the place of commas, parentheses, or colons —in each case to slightly different effect. American usage puts the month first, followed by the day, and then the year. If you’re adding extra information to clarify a sentence, you’re using a parenthetical expression. To insert an interjection in the middle of a sentence, place one em dash on both sides of the interjected phrase. “Yes, you did!”. The Mac command to make an em dash. On a Mac. paxdiablo. Use em-dash for denoting a break or a clarification within a sentence: “Three authors—John Grisham, Danielle Steele, John Updike—have between them written eighty-nine books. ” Originally, typewriters had monospaced fonts (skinny letters and fat letters. [Emphasis mine. AP style calls for a space on both sides of an em dash, but most other styles, including MLA and APA, omit the spaces. g. Note: An en dash is slightly longer than a hyphen. EM dashes are wonderful if used correctly in poetry, but not in stories (especially being useless around question marks). If you’re operating on a Mac, the basic instructions for MS Word and Google Docs above should still apply — though you’ll have different keyboard shortcuts. Typically I replace these special characters in a microsoft product first with replace. The correct use of em-dashes and ellipses. NOTE: An em dash is not a hyphen. Share. 2. The exclamation point is a mark of terminal punctuation. Waggon was preferred in British English until a century ago, 1 and it still appears occasionally, but it is fast becoming archaic. The em dash should be used sparingly in your writing. An ellipsis may be preceded or followed by other punctuation. Hyphens are used to create compound words like: Load-bearing; Well-loved; Great-looking; Less-commonly used punctuation marks Interrobang. An em dash is preferred to divide elements within a sentence and pack a punch. If you're including terminal punctuation (period, question mark, exclamation mark), your speaker's sentence isn't being interrupted, so you wouldn't use em dashes at all. When a character has a sudden change of thought while speaking, an em dash is the correct punctuation to show the break. A hyphen (-) is the shortest “dash” and. Use a. Or simply type two hyphens one after the other, type the word that is supposed to appear after the em dash, and press Space—the hyphens magically turn into an em dash. The em dash performs a versatile function to help separate certain words from the rest of a sentence. style guides frequently recommend using em dashes for the purposes above, while using en dashes for ranges, etc. Many authors and publications choose to use a space either side of the dash, and even sometimes an en dash in place of an em dash. Em dash—press option+shift+hyphen key. e. To illustrate, I’m going to reproduce the first sentence of this paragraph, but with a semicolon:Question Marks, Exclamation Points, and Em Dashes. g. For example, to type the em dash ( — ), hold down Alt while typing 0151 on the numeric keypad. These are the em dash (—) and the en dash (–). 5. Have you a reason why you think curved brackets should be abandoned in favour of dashes in this particular example? The linked article doesn't contrast differences in availability or effect between the punctuation variants available. Make sure you switch on the Num Lock from the keyboard and you type the number from the Numpad and not from the top row of the keyboard. In Spanish, the en-dash is not widely used although, due to English influence, its use has become rather common nowadays. Dashes should not be overused. I agree that it should try to match the size of the missing word. It’s a long dash, the length of two connected hyphens. nouns followed by numerals or letters. Press the space bar. net web application. Em dash. Original text in html page Click the Edit button to change a field's label, width and type-ahead options Replace text in html page Click the Edit button to change a. The Dash. Should a question mark be used after an em dash that abruptly ends a sentence? Ask Question Asked 1 year, 2 months ago Modified 2 months ago Viewed 164 times 4 I looked through a number of the site's questions to find an answer to my problem. Parenthesis, em dash, and en dash - Create sentences that need parenthesis, em dashes, and en dashes but leave them out. Yeah, it could be seen as completed, but in that case the em-dash adds a bit of expression that wouldn't be there without it. The en dash (–) is one-half the width of an em. The different styles of dashes include the en dash “–”, the em dash “—”, and the horizontal bar “―”. The August–September issue of a magazine. Em dashes (also known as m-dashes or em rules). When it comes at the end of a list, put a comma before it if you use the serial comma and don’t if you don’t use the serial comma. SQL Developer is Java based which does not use NLS_LANG settings but SQL*Plus does, so you have to set NLS_LANG properly. - The Blue Book of Grammar and Punctuation Em Dash: What Is an Em Dash? The em dash in American English is a punctuation mark that helps to convey emphasis,. 8. Consider the examples below:3. You would simply end the line of dialogue, have a sentence of narration, and then have a new line of dialogue, even if it's the same speaker continuing. The en dash will appear in the text field where your cursor is. The following list shows some of the most. It can function like a comma, parenthesis, or colon. Writers have three choices of punctuation to set off sentence interrupters—commas, parentheses, and em dashes. @Kenny LJ, please remember there are no absolute rules about the use of any kind of dash as opposed to others… so em-dashes matter here only in the guidelines specified by your house style-book. Question marks, exclamation points, and dashes fall inside or outside closing quotations. Hence, 12/5/2010 means December 5, 2010, in American usage. Enclose the first part of the dialogue in quotation marks but omit the comma. Who doesn’t like dashes as emphasis techniques? Just consider the. However, there is a specific use native speakers give to this Spanish punctuation mark: in emails or letters, greetings are written using colons, whereas in English you usually use a comma unless you’re being very formal. I now seem to be able to do this if I type a character - any character - after the dash, then type the curly end quote mark, and then backspace. On a typewriter, a comma or a period takes the same amount of space as any other letter. 5. g. g. (An em dash, or long dash, is used: in pairs, to mark off information or ideas that are not essential to an. 6. Example: “I didn’t say—”. Comments. Both Word and Scrivener automatically convert two consecutive hyphens (--) to an em-dash (—), the technical name for this punctuation mark. Resume the dialogue with another opening quotation mark, complete the dialogue, and end with a period and a closing quotation mark. An en dash is. The en dash is less well known than. Wave dash ( ～) Sorted by: 58. The translation being made in our system is from a small subset of characaters to an upside-down question mark. It is wider than an en dash (–) or a hyphen (-). Technically, the mark designating feet is a prime; the mark designating inches is a double prime. It's difficult for me to judge the tone of the sentence examples you used, so I can't give a specific suggestion. Example. A colon is quieter; a dash is more emphatic and dramatic. newspaper publishing was to represent an em dash with two. More Punctuation Rules Read all about the most common and rare punctuation marks, from question marks to em dashes and parentheses to interrobangs. In modern usage, a question mark or an exclamation point—but never a comma, a colon, or a semicolon—may precede an em dash. ) To offset additional information just like commas and. 2. For example: It depends on trust — it always has. Writers have three choices of punctuation to set off sentence interrupters—commas, parentheses, and em dashes. 1969–1981. A dash (em dash) is emphatic. In the native Mac word processor, Text Edit, you’ll have access to the. Since code page 437 does not include the en dash character, any system using that code page will have to resort to a fallback mechanism to render the file names, such as a question mark. Character escapes used in markup include numeric character references (NCRs) and named character references. (I usually just replace all curly single quotes with ' and all curly. The general rule is that a sentence ends with only one terminal punctuation mark. (I usually just replace all curly single quotes with ' and all curly. Translation. Another way to create them is to press and hold Alt and type 0151 on a Windows device or select Option, Shift, and the hyphen key ( ‐) on a Mac. The en dash is approximately the length of the letter N, and the em dash the length of the letter M. A hyphen is no substitute for the versatile em dash, a sentence punctuation mark some may simply call "dashes. When injecting a descriptive clause into a sentence, you are free to use em dashes, commas, or parentheses. On a Windows-based system, you can form an em dash on a keyboard by holding down the Alt key and typing 0151. According to CMOS, “in British usage, an en dash (with space before and after) is usually preferred to the em dash as punctuation in running text. The dash ( — ), also called the em dash, is the long horizontal bar, much longer than a hyphen. Intuition is important to survival: studies show that instinct can beat analytical thinking in a crisis. 'Break/Fold Mark'. Look at my use of em dashes in this post, aside from the previous sentence. If that is the case, you will notice a space on either side of. (Other things can do that too, but we’ll get to those in a bit. ” The slash is sometimes used to convey the same meaning. In this example, the speech ends with a question mark, prioritising a comma that would normally be placed to frame the speaking phrase. 48 The En Dash, Numerals. What you read in the Diccionario panhispánico de dudas is correct: only parenthetical remarks and dialogues are correct uses of the em-dash in Spanish. Household appliances such as refrigerators and microwaves are. ” The answer given does not answer his question. If a sentence ends with quoted material, the period is placed inside the closing quotation mark, even if the period is not part of the original quotation. 2 - En dashes are shorter than em dashes. The Manual of Style explains the differences between the hyphen and four types of dashes. 87): English learners commonly make the mistake of using em dashes incorrectly. 2, Period, Question Mark, Exclamation Point, Question Mark, Placement], is never combined with another exclamation point, question mark, period, semicolon, colon, or comma; thus, there is no comma in the first example below. Or. Easily find character codes for the HTML # sign, HTML @ symbol (at symbol), HTML percent sign, HTML ampersand (& HTML code), HTML copyright symbol and HTML caret insertion point, along with regular punctuation like the question mark, exclamation point, non-breaking hyphen, non-breaking space and more. These punctuation marks may fall outside of the closing quotation mark in some cases. 1月—7月 "January to July", which can also be written 1月到7月, with the character 到 in place of the dash). Type this sign on Mac, press and hold the Command (⌘) key and the hit the M key. Discussion in 'Word Mechanics' started by Bone2pick, Dec 12, 2022. However I run into a bump with special characters like curly quotes en and em dashes etc. (An em dash, or long dash, is used: in pairs, to mark off information or ideas that are not essential to an. It gets its name from its size which is the. en-dash — Midsized hyphen (–) named en-dash because the dash historically is the length of a lowercase m. Punctuation Em-dash before question mark. 89), would be to only use an em dash after a period if the period marked an abbreviation: An em dash derives its name from being the approximate width of a capital M. &bull First item in the list. A hyphen (-) is a punctuation mark used to connect two or more words (or parts of words) to show that they form one unit of sense—e. They can add more information to a sentence making it clearer and easier for the listener to imagine what is being described in detail. Use a dash in dialogue to show an interruption or a sudden break in thought. • Dashes are often used to introduce an abrupt change of thought, while parentheses add information. , May–December or 1995–2020) or pages (e. En Dash: –. This method can get messy if you have more than two speakers in a conversation, so use it with care. For the the complete list of the first 256 Windows ALT Codes, visit Windows ALT Codes for Special Characters & Symbols. An em dash or a pair of em dashes may indicate a sudden break in thought or sentence structure or an interruption in dialogue. An em dash is the width of the letter "m" in the font and type size being used, and should never be used in place of an en dash or hyphen. 1. In sentence case, lowercase most words in a title or heading. The dash can also be used to represent a pause, but a more. Smart punctuation is an iOS feature that automatically. For instance, you would render a character named Mr. That may occasionally appear in old writing, where em dashes after commas and semicolons are more common. Type another word. Here’s how to master the em-dash, exclamation point and question mark. By Jessica Bennett. Dash: Dashes set off a series within a phrase: “Of the many breakfast options — omelets, waffles, pastries — he only wanted coffee”; indicate a break in thought: “Felipe’s is a popular eatery — in Harvard Square”; or attribute a quotation to an author: “‘You must do the thing you think you cannot do. In 3, the dash is used in place of a comma, since the change in tone is occuring at the same time as the dialog is being spoken, or near enough that it's the same action. Ron Barrett. 👉 Em dash Mac: hold down the option + shift + the hyphen keys and viola! 👉 Em dash Word: tap the minus sign twice and continue writing. Dashes. Thus, an em dash in 9-point type is as long as the height of a. Being so versatile can create confusion if overused, therefore it is best limited to two appearances per sentence. When typing, a hyphen looks like this: (-). Most likely it's an en dash or em dash rather than a real hyphen or minus symbol. Acting as a comma. Both the colon and the em dash introduce new information that explains or builds upon something that precedes it. En dashes are slightly shorter than an em dash and are used to connect numbers and words: 2000–2020, Paris–London, the score was 5–3. Workaround. The change in the second description of the clock's sounds emphasizes Isaac's unease. For example: C++ is a rich language—one requiring extensive experience to fully understand. the question mark. There are two types of dash. Em dash—hold down the Alt key and type 0151 on the numeric keypad. 1 Answer. In French, the period is not used after abbreviations of measurement: 25 m (mètres), 12 min (minutes), etc. Below are lines of five each of em dashes, en dashes, minuses, and hyphens, all separated by a normal space. Dashes create urgency. Signo de exclamación (Exclamation Point) 8. And like a colon, it can introduce a word or a clause that describes or expands upon what precedes it. , page 387–459); while the hyphen is used to connect words that function together (e. “What space?”. Sometimes, the comma indicates a pause that would occur if the sentence were spoken aloud. Press the Spacebar. , “fast-paced,” “shake-up,” “four-year-old,” “post-punk. Overuse of any tool will make your writing inelegant, but using the proper tool at the right time will help you generate pages that are well crafted and precisely assembled. W he n u sed i n pl a ce o f p a rentheses at t he end of a sentence, only a single dash is used. Our Rule 1 of Spacing with Punctuation states, “With a computer, use only one space following periods, commas, semicolons, colons, exclamation points, question marks, and quotation marks. The dash kind of serves that role, because it's a very fancy actor. Actual output : 1993 1995 Expected output : 1993 – 1995 I have done the UTF-8 encoding in Java but still getting the same output in the excel. 9. b) The Kingdom of Bahrain has a settled well-educated population. They also establish a relationship between words and ideas. It's a completely different use case. Example: She gave him her answer—No! Exclamation Mark (!) An exclamation mark is used to show emphasis. When you type the hyphen, en dash, and em dash, no spaces should appear on either side of the punctuation mark. However, you can use dashes or em-dashes. In Google docs, use insert special character. Translation. An em dash or a pair of em dashes may indicate a sudden break in thought or sentence structure or an interruption in dialogue. Household appliances such as refrigerators and microwaves are. […] All water from the streams; dead birds were found In wells a hundred feet below the ground Such was the season when the flower bloomed. Other Types of Dash. Em dashes are the longest of the common dashes (I won’t be covering 2-em and 3-em dashes in this article) and are so named because they are the width of the letter “m. Notice in these examples, the em-dash has no spaces around it, while the en-dash does. 2)”Are you OK?” is a direct question. The en dash is less well known than. The em dashes are used here to indicate that the information within them is rather shocking. For windows, you can hold down the ‘Alt’ and ‘-‘ key and you will get an en dash. Use an em dash to mark sharp turns in thought. To insert an em dash in MS Word, you must: Type a word (don’t put a space after it) Type two hyphens. 2. . ” Stutters, Stammers, and Pauses. apostrophe. Depending on the context, the em dash can take the place of commas, parentheses, or colons—in each case to slightly different effect. Examine these useful hyphen, em dash and en dash examples. Whenever I have text surrounded by a dash symbol i. Included marks are the period, comma, semi-colon, colon, question mark, exclamation point, quotation mark, parenthesis, and dash. It can separate independent clauses. 92 Em dashes in lists, indexes, and tables;. Then, after you press the space bar after the word after the dash, most word processing programs will turn those two little hyphens‐‐into an em dash—like so. An em dash or a pair of em dashes may indicate a sudden break in thought or sentence structure or an interruption in dialogue. Em dashes can be used to. dashes. En dash ( –) When connecting two words to signify a range, Chinese generally uses an en dash occupying the space of one character (e. Commas and parentheses vs. It indicates a longer pause than a comma and a semicolon. , I need 1 thing – money. En Dash Examples. An em dash is a versatile punctuation mark that looks like an extended dash. This makes them a useful punctuation mark when we want to convey an argument or rapid back-and-forth dialogue between characters. On a PC, the em-dash is made by holding down the ALT key and typing 0151 on the number pad. Parentheses diminish the importance of a phrase, while dashes enhance it. . "SAMPLE - TEXT". ”. Depending on the context, the en dash is read as “to” or “through. For example, with mo—n for 'more than', the dash is likely to be written at x-height. TWO-EM DASH U+2E3A: Pd, dash Common ⸻ THREE-EM DASH U+2E3B: Pd, dash Common ⹀ DOUBLE HYPHEN U+2E40: Pd, dash Common 〜 WAVE DASH U+301C: Pd, dash Common 〰 WAVY DASH. The verdict was unanimous — guilty. The longer em dash (—) is used to separate extra information or mark a break in a sentence. This is a good example of when to use such as dash in a sentence. On our way to school, we walk past the Turner Farm—the oldest dairy farm in town—and watch the cows being fed. In the second example below, an em dash is more common than a colon, though the use of a colon is nevertheless correct. Write an em dash. Comillas españolas (Angle Quotes) and Comillas inglesas (Quotation Marks) Where to Practice Using Spanish Punctuation; Find and Correct the Mistakes in the Following. For degrees, use a space between the en dash and the degree and the emphasis. , accordingly, consequently, for example, nevertheless, so, thus). 1. ”Command for an Em dash on a mac : Shift-Option-Hyphen; Command for an Em dash on Microsoft Word : Alt + Ctrl + (minus) Em dash in HTML : — or — En Dash. Em dashes can also signal an interruption or a sudden change in the direction a writer was heading with a particular sentence. Em dashes join onto the words before and after—like this. An em dash is the width of the letter "m" in the font and type size being used, and should never be used in place of an en dash or hyphen. ”. I wasn’t exaggerating when I said the em-dash was versatile—it can even take the place of the semicolon. If you use it in academic writing, you might look unsure of yourself. To create interrupted dialogue that everyone will recognize as such, use an em-dash where you want to end the dialogue. Here’s how to master the em-dash, exclamation point and question mark. ”. Em dashes can be used to replace pairs of commas and parentheses. d) Working 9-5 daily, and keeping up with homework is difficult. (The exclamation point, like the question mark [see 8. 87 Em dashes for sudden breaks or interruptions; 6. The en dash, which is slightly shorter, and the em dash, which is the one you can see in the previous paragraph. And when em dashes are setting off material that requires a punctuation mark like a question mark or exclamation. Most commonly, a dash connects an independent clause with another, with a. Hold down the Alt key, press 0 1 5 1 on the numeric pad, and then release the Alt key. For example, don’t use a dash to begin the interrupter and a comma. In order to type an en dash on a Mac product, you can hold down the ‘Option’ and ‘-‘ keys simultaneously and an en dash ‘–’ should appear. Both spellings are many centuries old, and neither spelling was clearly prevalent on either side of the Atlantic until the second half of the 18th century. Being so versatile can create confusion if overused, therefore it is best limited to two appearances per sentence. In HTML, XHTML, or XML, you can use a character escape to represent any Unicode character using only ASCII letters. 157). 4. For example: (1) Em dashes can replace colons. There is a space before the first period and after the last period. The employee—hoping to go home early—rushed her tasks. DASHES. The em is the longest in the dash suite. Em dashes for interruptions: Use em dashes when you are interrupting the main idea of a sentence. The question mark can be followed with a dash where necessary: He left—would you believe it?—immediately after the ball. In Arabic, which is also written from right. To insert an interjection in the middle of a sentence, place one em dash on both sides of the interjected phrase. 7. Rule #5. , 1 May–13 June) To divide a compound adjective with two equal parts (e. Some methods for forming these punctuation marks on a PC: En dash—hold down the Alt key and type 0150 on the numeric keypad. Use a dash instead of a comma when you want to strongly set off an idea.